Fungus, white rot

Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler

Shiitake

A wood-inhabiting mushroom cultivated worldwide. In soil it transforms pentachlorophenol and, unlike Phanerochaete chrysosporium, works well at low temperature and in drier soil.

frankenstoen, CC BY 2.0

How it works

Mechanisms: mycodegradation
Enzymes: laccase, manganese peroxidase

Contaminants

Contaminant	Evidence	What was shown
Phenols and chlorophenols	laboratory	Pentachlorophenol biotransformation in soil: at 10 °C L. edodes was more effective than P. chrysosporium (P < 0.05), at 15 °C the two were similar, and both peaked at 25 °C. For L. edodes degradation is highest at 26% moisture and falls in wetter soil; optimum pH 4.0. Okeke et al. (1996) Influence of environmental parameters on pentachlorophenol biotransformation in soil by Lentinula edodes and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 45:263-266, 1996
Synthetic dyes	laboratory	A partially purified enzyme extract (laccase, MnP, cellulase, xylanase) from L. edodes grown on macaúba coconut residue decolorised 40% of an indigo dye. da Luz et al. (2023) Lentinula edodes lignocellulolases and lipases produced in Macaúba residue and use of the enzymatic extract in the degradation of textile dyes. 3 Biotech 13:406, 2023

Contaminant

Evidence

What was shown

Phenols and chlorophenols

laboratory

Pentachlorophenol biotransformation in soil: at 10 °C L. edodes was more effective than P. chrysosporium (P < 0.05), at 15 °C the two were similar, and both peaked at 25 °C. For L. edodes degradation is highest at 26% moisture and falls in wetter soil; optimum pH 4.0.

Okeke et al. (1996) Influence of environmental parameters on pentachlorophenol biotransformation in soil by Lentinula edodes and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 45:263-266, 1996

Synthetic dyes

laboratory

A partially purified enzyme extract (laccase, MnP, cellulase, xylanase) from L. edodes grown on macaúba coconut residue decolorised 40% of an indigo dye.

da Luz et al. (2023) Lentinula edodes lignocellulolases and lipases produced in Macaúba residue and use of the enzymatic extract in the degradation of textile dyes. 3 Biotech 13:406, 2023

Limits

Evidence is limited to soil microcosms and enzyme assays; no field trial was found. The pH optimum of 4.0 is far from that of many soils. The PCP study measures loss of the compound, not the fate of its products.