Trieste

The Servola ironworks was founded in 1896 by the Krainische Industrie Gesellschaft of Ljubljana, on 56 hectares facing the sea. It passed to ILVA in 1931, Italsider in 1961, Lucchini in 1995, Severstal in 2005 and the Arvedi group in 2015. It made pig iron; dust and fumes fell on the neighbourhood and residues were also tipped into the sea in front of it. The SIN perimeter also takes in a refinery, chemical plants and the port area.

The ministry's 2001 site sheet names as the main problem the pollution of the former refinery and hydrocarbon-depot areas, mostly on the coast (former Esso, 23.5 hectares, and former Aquila, 100 hectares), together with heavy contamination of the port sediments; total hydrocarbons up to 107,000 mg/kg dry matter and heavy metals had been measured in the industrial port. In early 2000 the most polluted area, 1,200 m², was made safe.

The north and north-east sides of the Bay of Muggia are fully industrialised. Until the early 1990s urban and industrial effluent flowed straight into it; very high concentrations of heavy metals, lead above all, have been measured in the bay's sediments, and PAHs in the sediments of the gulf are highest right next to the port.

The site has been a SIN since 2001 and its first perimeter dates from 2003; two decrees, in 2018 and 2021, redrew it. The blast furnace and the rest of the "hot area" were shut down on 9 April 2020 after 123 years. In 2021 the contractor ICOP took over the area to clean it up and turn it into a logistics hub for the port, with a five-year, 98-million-euro plan; the last structures were demolished on 18 September 2022.